研究：推特反亞裔情緒高漲緣於特朗普的“中國病毒”言論

近日，美國亞特蘭大的一起連環槍擊案造成8人死亡，其中6人爲亞裔女性，這一事件引發了全美亞裔的恐慌。疫情暴發以來，亞裔美國人的處境急劇惡化。加州大學的研究發現，推特上反亞裔標籤使用量大增，起因就是特朗普去年3月發表的一條關於“中國病毒”的推文。

Then-President Donald Trump's first tweet about a "Chinese virus" triggered a rise in anti-Asian hashtags on Twitter, a study has found.

一項研究發現，美國前總統特朗普關於“中國病毒”的第一條推文引發了推特上反亞裔標籤使用量的劇增。

The peer-reviewed study, published Wednesday by researchers at the University of California at San Francisco, found that the March 16, 2020, tweet was directly responsible for a major increase in anti-Asian hashtags.

這項研究發現，2020年3月16日的這條推文對於反亞裔標籤數量大增負有直接責任。該研究是美國加州大學舊金山分校的研究人員開展的，由同行評議後於3月17日發表。

Trump went on to use the term repeatedly on Twitter and in person through the end of his presidency. At the time of his tweet, there were 153,000 confirmed cases of COVID-19 worldwide, and several US states had introduced emergency measures.

之後，特朗普又在推特上和公開場合反覆多次使用“中國病毒”這個詞，一直到他任期結束。在他發佈那條推文時，世界範圍內確診新冠肺炎病例15.3萬例，美國數個州已經採取了緊急措施。

The researchers analyzed nearly 700,000 tweets that used either "#covid19" or "#chinesevirus" from March 9 to March 23. They said half of the tweets that used "#chinesevirus" and 20% of tweets that used "#covid19" showed anti-Asian sentiment.

研究人員分析了去年3月9日至23日期間使用#covid19或#中國病毒標籤的近70萬條推文。研究報告稱，推特上半數使用了#中國病毒標籤和五分之一使用了#covid19標籤的人流露出反亞裔情緒。

"When comparing the week before March 16, 2020, to the week after, there was a significantly greater increase in anti-Asian hashtags associated with #chinesevirus compared with #covid19," they wrote.

研究人員寫道：“對比2020年3月16日的前後兩週，和#中國病毒相關的反亞裔標籤比#covid19相關的反亞裔標籤顯著增加。”

The use of terms like "Chinese virus" and "kung flu," which Trump publicly said at a rally in June, have come alongside a rise in racist sentiment toward Asians in the US.

去年6月，特朗普在一次集會上公開使用了“中國病毒”和“功夫流感”這種詞。伴隨這些用詞而來的是美國亞裔人羣所遭受種族歧視的增加。

An Ipsos survey conducted in late April found that more than 30% of Americans said they had witnessed someone blaming people of Asian descent for the coronavirus pandemic. A study by the Center for the study of Hate and Extremism at California State University at San Bernardino found that attacks against Asians in the US increased by 150% in 2020.

益普索去年4月底開展的一項調查發現，超30%的美國人表示曾目睹有人將新冠疫情歸咎於亞裔人羣。聖貝納迪諾市加利福尼亞州立大學仇恨和極端主義研究中心的一項研究發現，2020年針對美國亞裔人羣的攻擊增加了150%。

Last July, John C. Yang, the president of Asian Americans Advancing Justice, told Insider that terms like kung flu resulted in physical and verbal abuse toward Asians.

去年7月，亞裔美國人推進正義協會的主席楊重遠告訴內幕網稱，功夫流感等用詞導致了針對亞裔的辱罵和身體傷害。

"That term plays on a racist stereotype in itself and is being used to stigmatize a community regarding a medical issue that all of the world should be rallying around," Yang said.

楊重遠指出：“這類包含種族成見的詞被用來污衊亞裔人羣，將全世界本應集體聲援的醫療問題歸咎於這一人羣。”

"We should not be trying to find terms that alienate communities and harms communities even further than the health crisis that we are already in."

“我們不應該用那些離間和傷害羣體的字眼，我們現在所處的衛生危機帶來的傷害已經夠大的了。”

At a congressional hearing on Thursday into the rising violence against Asian Americans, Rep. Grace Meng said Trump and other Republican Party figures had put a "a bull's-eye on the back of Asian Americans across this country."

針對亞裔美國人暴力事件激增，美國國會上週四（3月18日）舉行了聽證會。衆議員格蕾絲·孟表示，特朗普和其他共和黨人士對着“美國各地的亞裔美國人後背開了一槍”。

The issue of anti-Asian violence made headlines again last week after a white gunman shot dead eight people, six of whom were Asian, in the Atlanta area on Tuesday.

上週二（3月16日）一名持槍白人在亞特蘭大地區開槍殺死了8個人，其中6人爲亞裔。反亞裔暴力問題因此再次登上了媒體頭條。