特朗普任命鷹派人物博爾頓爲國家安全顧問
Donald Trump has replaced his national security adviser HR McMaster with foreign policy hawk John Bolton, an explosive appointment that signals a further lurch to the right and points to a White House in turmoil.
The move came only hours after an increasingly bellicose Trump administration said it would impose tariffs on up to $60bn in annual imports from China, unsettling global investors. The benchmark S&P 500 dropped 2.5 per cent on Thursday, its biggest loss since February 8. Asian markets followed the US lower on Friday.
此舉是在日益好鬥的特朗普政府宣佈將對每年高達600億美元的中國輸美產品徵收25%關稅後僅數小時作出的。美國徵收關稅的舉措讓全球投資者感到不安。週四基準的標準普爾500指數(S&P 500)下跌2.5%，是自2月8日以來的最大跌幅。週五亞洲市場也跟隨美國腳步走低。The decision to elevate Mr Bolton marks a further defeat for White House moderates. It came on the same day Rex Tillerson departed the State Department, and follows the resignation of Gary Cohn as director of Mr Trump’s National Economic Council.
提拔博爾頓的決定標誌着白宮溫和派的又一場敗績。這正好是雷克斯?蒂勒森(Rex Tillerson)離開美國國務院的同一天，前不久加里?科恩(Gary Cohn)也辭去了國家經濟委員會(National Economic Council)主席一職。
Mr Bolton will be the third national security adviser for Mr Trump in a little over 14 months. Earlier in the day, John Dowd, the president’s lead lawyer on the special counsel investigation into Russian meddling in the 2016 presidential election, resigned in a major shake-up for Mr Trump’s legal team.
博爾頓將是特朗普14個月多時間裏的第三任國家安全顧問。當日早些時候，幫助進行俄羅斯干涉美國2016年總統大選問題特別法律顧問調查的特朗普的首席律師約翰?多德(John Dowd)辭職，這是特朗普的法律團隊的一個重大變化。Rumours that Mr McMaster could be replaced by Mr Bolton have been circulating for weeks in Washington, but the news still triggered alarm in parts of the capital’s foreign policy establishment. Among the major questions that will now be asked are the direction of America’s Iran policy, given Mr Bolton is due to be joined by fellow hawk Mike Pompeo as the new secretary of state.
有關博爾頓將取代麥克馬斯特的謠言在華盛頓已經流傳數週，但這個消息還是在華盛頓的外交政策建制派中引起了震動。現在要問的重大問題之一是美國對伊朗政策的走向，因爲除博爾頓外，新的國務卿也將由鷹派人物邁克?蓬佩奧(Mike Pompeo)出任。Mr Trump ran on an isolationist platform in the presidential campaign, advocating that America fix its own problems rather than getting embroiled in foreign entanglements. However, in choosing Mr Pompeo and Mr Bolton he has brought in two advocates of a muscular and interventionist foreign policy approach.
特朗普以孤立主義的競選綱領參加了大選角逐，主張美國解決自己的問題，而不是捲入外國的糾紛。然而，選擇蓬佩奧和博爾頓，特朗普把兩名在外交政策上倡導武力和干預主義策略的人引入了白宮。The decision also adds to the tension surrounding Mr Trump’s controversial plans to hold talks with North Korean leader Kim Jong Un. Mr Bolton, former US ambassador to the UN, last year accused North Korea of secretly hosting Iran’s nuclear programme. Current and former Pentagon officials claim he is quick to advocate military force and has said it is “perfectly legitimate” to launch a pre-emptive strike against North Korea.
這一決定也讓特朗普與朝鮮領導人金正恩(Kim Jong Un)舉行會談的爭議性計劃顯得更爲緊張。曾擔任美國駐聯合國大使的博爾頓去年曾指責朝鮮祕密支持伊朗的核計劃。前任和現任的五角大樓(Pentagon)官員聲稱，博爾頓在支持武力方面非常迅速，並曾表示對朝鮮發起先發制人的打擊是“完全合法”的。Pentagon officials said Gen McMaster's professorial and lecturing style had irritated Mr Trump as well as some senior White House and Pentagon officials.
五角大樓官員表示，麥克馬斯特將軍教授式的風格和說教式的方式惹惱了特朗普以及白宮和五角大樓的一些高級官員。
