2018年12月英語四級聽力答案解析：試卷一（完整版）（新東方）

新聞：
News Report One
參考答案：
1.    Set up a mobile phone net work on the moon.
2.    It is stable.

主旨內容：
    科學家們想要在月球上安置一個設備，這樣就是史上第一次在月球上可提供移動信號,且月球網絡將支持月球和地球之間的高清視頻和數據流。

參考原文：
A device that weighs less than 1 kilogram is part of a mission that will allow scientists to deliver fourth generation or 4G mobile coverage to the moon in 2019. If successful, the tiny device will provide the moon with its first ever mobile phone network. The lunar network will support high definition streaming of video and data between the moon and the earth. The network is part of a mission to the moon. This is a project with the goal of landing the first privately paid for mission to the moon. The 4G mission is set to launch from Cape Canaveral in the United States on a space X Falcon Nine Rocket in 2019. Mission to the moon intends to establish and test the first elements of a communications network on the moon. The scientists working on the project opted to build 4G rather than the fifth generation or 5G work. This is because fifth generation networks are still in testing and trial phases. This means that a 5G network may not yet be stable enough to work on the moon’s surface.

Question 1. What are scientists planning to do?
Question 2. Why did scientists choose to set up a 4G network in their mission?

解析：
本篇新聞難度適中，第一題類似主旨題，問到了科學家的計劃，在新聞導語第一句即給出了本篇新聞的主旨內容，即在月球上安置一個可支持4G的設備。第二題是一道問原因的題目，答案即在最後兩句，關鍵詞because聽得十分清晰，聽到後繼續等待即是答案。

News Report Two
參考答案：
3.    No injuries were yet reported.
4.    Pull down the deserted shopping mall.

主旨內容：
    在一個在聖瑪麗亞教堂旁廢棄的購物中心晚上發生了火災事件。火災發生時，大樓內有一些人，但是並沒有發生傷亡時間。該購物中心自2002年以來一直沒有投入使用。2014年，市政廳制定了拆除建築物的計劃，並將其替換爲經濟適用房。 然而，由於缺乏資金，該計劃被取消。

參考原文：
Firefighters responded to a fire Wednesday night at an abandoned mall in Heywood. The fire was reported at 9:26 p.m. at an old shopping center on Michigan Avenue near St. Mary’s Church. Six fire engines, two trucks and two chiefs responded to the scene. Crews had the fire under control in about 45 minutes and managed to contain the fire to its point of origin. There were some people inside the building when the fire broke out but there were no reports of any injuries. Fire investigators have responded to the scene but have not yet determined the cause of the fire. Firefighters will remain on the scene until later this morning to ensure that the fire doesn’t start up again. The shopping mall had not been in use since 2002. In 2014 City Hall developed a plan to knock down the building and replace it with affordable housing. However, the plan was dropped due to lack of funds.

Question 3. What does the news item say about the fire？
Question 4. What had City Hall planned to do？

解析：
本篇新聞考查的是主旨題加細節題。第一題針對新聞主旨題，答案出現在新聞第一句導語部分，所聽即所得即可。第二題考查市政廳之前的計劃，本該拆除的大樓由於資金匱乏沒有拆除，答案出現在最後兩句話，且有關鍵詞提示，難度不大。

News Report Three
參考答案：
5.    Insufficient potato supply.
6.    It is afraid of the spread of disease.
7.    Global warming.

主旨內容：
去年風暴和洪水及其主要的馬鈴薯種植區造成了最嚴重的收成問題，使得日本在因馬鈴薯短缺後，薯片價格是正常價格的6倍。且因爲對疾病的恐懼，日本法律限制馬鈴薯的進口數量，只允許來自美國選定州的馬鈴薯。

參考原文：
    Potato chips in Japan are being sold for 6 times their normal price. This is after the country’s main manufacturer stopped sales due to a potato shortage. Storms and floods and its main potato growing region last year caused the worst harvest and more than 3 decades.  Local media reports suggest Calbee and its main rival Koike-ya are halting almost 50 products. “We don’t know when we’ll be able to restart”, a company spokesman said. Snack lovers are panic buying and many supermarket shelves are bare. Japanese laws limit the amount of imported potatoes that can be used in Japanese made products. Japan says fear of disease is its main reason to block fresh imports. It still only allows potatoes from selected US states. This is only at certain times and on condition that they are processed at factories based near Japanese ports. But global warming has raised the possibility that domestic produce could be seriously affected by rare weather events more often.

Question 5. What problem is Japan facing？
Question 6. Why does Japan limit the import of potatoes？
Question 7. What might affect Japanese domestic produce？

解析：
    本篇首尾兩題答案出自於新聞的首尾，答案位置清晰，因此難度並不大。且最後一題有提示詞but，轉折之後的答案出現是考生需要重點注意的。

長對話
Conversation One:
參考答案：
8.    Dull
9.    She takes notes.
10.    It keeps her mind active.
11.    It helps her better remember what she learns.

主旨內容：
    兩位學生就上課如何集中注意力進行了探討。女生提出在聽講時要用手記筆記，才能夠把老師講解的內容記住，並且在必要情況甚至可以畫無意義的線條來使自己集中注意力；在家學習時需要講知識大聲讀出來，這些都是通過身體來記憶知識。

參考原文：
M: Mr. Brown’s lectures are so boring.
W: Yes, he is not a very exciting speaker. But the subject is interesting.
M: During every one of his lectures, I try to listen. I really try. But after about 10 minutes my mind begins to wander and I lose concentration. But I see that you seem to be OK. How do you stay focused through the entire hour?
W: Well, what I do is keep my pen moving.
M: What do you mean?
W: It’s a method of active concentration I read about. One of the most effective ways to concentrate is to write things down. But it has to be done by hand, not typing on a keyboard. You see writing by hand forces you to actually engage with what you’re learning in a more physical way.
M: Do you review your notes afterwards then?
W: Sometimes, but that’s not important. My notes may or may not be useful but the point is that by writing down what Mr. Brand says I can follow his line of thinking more easily. In fact, sometimes I draw a little too.
M: You draw in class and that helps me pay attention?
W: Yes, honestly it works for me. I just draw little lines and nonsense really. It was also in that article I read. It can keep the mind active, prevent getting bored and help to concentrate. Again the point is to listen hard while keeping the pen moving. If I’m at home and I need to study what I do is read out loud. It has a similar effect to writing by hand. It helps memorize information in a physical way.

Question 8. What does the man think of Mr. Brown’s lectures?
Question 9. What does the woman do during Mr. Brown’s lectures?
Question 10. Why does the woman draw in class?
Question 11. What does the woman say about reading out loud?
解析：
本段長對話是考生比較熟悉的學校學習場景和知識點。第一題類問男生對於老師課程的觀點，在首回合第一句給出答案，所聽即所得。後面就是問答類型，重點聽回答者，也就是本篇中的女士給出答案。由於最後兩題答案在同一回合給出，比較接近，因此需要考生迅速反應，有一定難度。

Conversation Two
參考答案：
12.    To spend her honeymoon.
13.    In memory of a princess.
14.    It has walls decorated with jewels.
15.    They are mostly crowded.

主旨內容：
    兩個人就印度旅遊相關信息展開討論，降到了泰姬陵的來源和對其印象，印度的交通情況已經印度食物。

參考原文：
M: And where is this?
W: These photos are from the Taj Mahal in India. We went there about ten years ago for our honeymoon.
M: Was it romantic. 
W: Yeah. The Taj Mahal was a very romantic place. The guide told us there is a famous love story behind this building that all Indians learn in school. I think it was during the 1600 and the princess at that time died while giving birth to her 14th child. The Emperor loved the princess so much and was so sad when she died that he ordered the palace to be built in her honor.
M: Wow. That sounds very romantic. It looks amazing.
W: Yes, it’s gorgeous. It’s also larger in real life than it looks in the photos. The building is very tall and there are gardens in a wall around it all. It’s all built in this white stone and some walls of the building are decorated with jewels.
M: It must have been very crowded when you were there.
W: Yes, it’s a very famous tourist destination. So there are thousands of visitors every day.
M: Was the rest of India crowded?
W: Yes, very crowded in many cities. It was sometimes so crowded that it was difficult to walk along the streets especially through busy markets. And there are so many cars. Traffic was terrible but the people were friendly. The culture is amazing and we had a great time.
M: What about the food?
W: The Indian food is great. There are lots of different dishes to try and every region has its own special food.

Question 12. For what purpose did the woman go to India?
Question 13. Why was the Taj Mahal built?
Question 14. What does the woman say about the Taj Mahal?
Question 15. what is the woman‘s impression of Indian cities?
解析：
本段對話是以問答形式展開，因此在聽答案的過程中只需要重點關注女士所講的即可。在這部分相對信息量比較大，但是有兩道題目都考察到了有關原因，因此原因類型的題目在長對話中仍然是考生需要關注的重點。

篇章
Passage One
參考答案：
16.    They provide residents with the resources they need.
17.    By inspiring their creativity.
18.    Their number increased modestly.

主旨內容：
    一個研究中心就超過1000個美國人進行了有關公共圖書館的調查，調查結果顯示，美國人繼續對當地的公共圖書館表示支持態度。

參考原文：
A Pew Research Center survey of more than 1000 Americans conducted in April 2016 finds that Americans continue to express largely positive views about the current state of their local public libraries. For instance, around three quarters say that public libraries provide them with the resources they need and 66% say the closing of their local public library would have a major impact on their community. Although notably just 33% say this would have a major impact on them personally or on their family. A majority of Americans feel libraries are doing a good job of providing a safe place for people to hang out or spend time as well as opening up educational opportunities for people of all ages and roughly half think their libraries contribute a lot to their communities in terms of helping spark creativity among young people, and providing a trusted place for people to learn about new technologies. As in past Pew Research Center surveys of library use the April 2016 survey also measured Americans usage of and engagement with libraries. Overall, 53% of Americans ages 16 and older have had some interaction with the puppet library in the past year either through an in person visit or using a library website some 48% of adults specifically visited a library in the past 12 months. A modest increase from the 44% who said that in late 2015.

Question 16. What do most Americans say about local public libraries?
Question 17. How can local public libraries benefit young people?
Question 18. What does the 2016 survey show about adult library users?

解析：
本篇短文提到了較多的數字，這對於很多對數字不敏感的同學來說，有所難度，且因爲這篇短文信息量比較大，所以部分內容甚至要求學生能記筆記，因此這篇短文難度較大。

Passage Two
參考答案：
19.    It is an unusual cross breed.
20.    They are as loyal as dogs.
21.    They shower with them.

主旨內容：
    一種新品種的貓是由中型野生非洲貓和家養貓雜交的產物，2001年國際貓協會承認了這種貓的品種，且允許人們擁有飼養。因爲它們高且纖細，現在，這種貓已經成爲人們所擁有的最多貓品種之一。

參考原文：
A Savannah cat is a crossbreed between a domestic cat and a medium-sized wild African cat called the Serval. The unusual cross became popular among breeders at the end of the 1990s. And in 2001, the International Cat Association accepted it as a new registered breed. The savannahs are tall and slim and can weigh up to nine point one kilograms, making them one of the largest breeds of cats that people can own. They have a spotted code similar to that of many types of wild cats and their ears are very large. They are also commonly compared to dogs in their loyalty and can be trained to walk on a lead and to fetch, and often noted characteristic of the Savannah is its jumping ability. They are known to jump on top of doors and high cabinets. Some can leap about2.5 meters high from a standing position. Cats are typically known for being very inquisitive and so are the Savannahs. They often learn how to open doors and cupboards. Many Savannah cats do not fear water and will play with or even dive into water. Some owners even shower with their Savannah Cats, presenting a water bowl to Savannah may also prove a challenge, as some will promptly begin to bat all the water out of the bowl until it is empty using their front paws.

Question 19. What do we learn about the savannah cat?
Question 20. What is characteristic of Savannah cats?
Question 21. What do some people do with their Savannah cats?

解析：
本篇短文是一篇介紹型文章，也是大多數考生練習得較多和熟悉的考題形式。根據試聽一致，找出關鍵名詞，抓住出題點即可。難度不大，只需在提前讀完選項之後能及時預判出題位置即可。

Passage Three
參考答案：
22.    Excite but somewhat sad.
23.    It depends on their parents to success.
24.    Set a good example for them to follow.
25.    Their home life.

主旨內容：
    有關孩子的教育。孩子們第一次上學時，家長可能會興奮，也會悲傷，有一種複雜的感情，但那並不是孩子們學習的開始。早在孩子出生時，家長對孩子的教育和孩子對家長的模仿就已經開始了。

參考原文：
When children start school for the very first time parents often feel a sense of excitement coupled with a touch of sadness at the end of an era. This is the start of a new adventure for children playing and interacting with new friends sharing, taking turns and settling into a new routine. But of course, this is not the start of your child’s education which in fact began at birth. Back then, you would have been your child’s most influential teachers. During this time at home, your child would have learnt more than at any other period in their life. During your child’s first year in school much time will be spent in learning to read and they need to know that this is fun and worthwhile. Your child will naturally copy you so it is important that you are seen reading and enjoying books newspapers and magazines rather than just absorbed in screens. Ultimately an excellent education should be a close partnership between parents and teachers. A child’s year splits fairly neatly into thirds: a third at school, a third asleep and a third awake at home or on holiday. Irrespective of the quality of a school a child’s home life is of key importance. It is the determining factor of their academic success. Your child may have started on a new journey but your work is far from finished.

Question 22. How do parents feel when their children start going to school?
Question 23. What does the passage say about children’s education?
Question 24. What should parents do for the success of their children’s education?
Question 25. What does the passage say is the key factor of children’s academic success?

解析：
本篇短文前兩題相對比較常規，第一題出現在文章開頭第一句話部分，考察了考生對情感類詞彙的瞭解程度；第二題出現在轉折詞but之後，也是一個重點提示的地方，需要考生迅速反應把握清出題點。最後兩題需要根據選項內容來仔細聽材料纔可選出。