考研英語：外刊精讀以及核心詞彙解析翻譯

Sneakers Have Always Been Political Shoes
運動鞋見證政治的變遷

原文：
1、But Nike’s all-white Air Force 1 sneaker, released in the same year as “My Adidas,” may have merited the name of “felon shoes.” Having enough money to step out in “fresh”—i.e., pristine and unscuffed —Air Force 1s became a point of pride among street drug dealers. “Like the complicated icon of the cowboy, the drug dealer was also a symbol of rugged individualism whose fashion was hypermasculine and easily marketed … in ways that capitalized on both its American-ness and its exoticism simultaneously,” Semmelhack writes in the exhibition catalogue. The AF1, far from a public-relations disaster, became an instant classic. The rise in sneakers’ price and social cachet led to a wave of sneaker theft; a frenzied media blamed Nike’s Spike Lee-directed Air Jordan ads for a string of “sneaker killings” in 1990. Bill Cosby—then a beloved and respected former TV dad—made an example of pricey sneakers in his 2004 “Pound Cake” speech to the NAACP, chastising African-American parents for wasting money on such frivolous purchases.

重點詞彙：
felon 重罪犯
pristine 潔淨的，純潔的
unscuffed 未磨損的
icon 象徵
drug dealer 毒品走私犯
rugged 崎嶇的；堅固的
individualism 頑強的個人主義
hypermasculine hyper-超級的
capitalized on capitalize on v. 利用
exoticism 異域性
far from 遠不是
cachet 聲望 威望
frivolous 輕率的，無用的

原文翻譯：
1、大量的資金投入讓它能夠一直保持“潔白”--乾淨和不磨損的，Air Force 1運動鞋成爲了街頭毒品走私引以爲豪的一點。
鉛筆，分割線
原文：
But mounting customization and collectability (driven by eBay) only increased the cost of sneakers; artists and elite fashion designers like Prada and Gucci began releasing their own designs or limited-edition collaborations with athletic brands. 1、In this rarefied market, sneakers evolved from symbolic consumer objects into small-batch vehicles for unambiguous social commentary. In one notable example, the artist Judi Werthein designed the 2005 Brinco cross-trainer to assist with illegal border crossings from Mexico. Werthein distributed Brincos to migrants at the U.S.-Mexico border for free, while also selling them to sneakerheads for $215 per pair at a San Diego boutique. A few years later, “Obama Force One,” the custom AF1 designed by the artist Jimm Lasser in 2008, had profile portraits of President Obama etched on each sole. And, long before the Colin Kaepernick debate, the NBA star Dwayne Wade released a pair of Black Lives Matter sneakers.

重點詞彙：
mounting adj. 逐漸增加的
customization n. 定製
collectability 可收藏性
rarefied 小圈子的
vehicles 傳播媒介；媒介物
notable adj.顯著的；著名的
profile portraits 側面肖像畫/Profile n. 文件；簡介/keep a high/low profile 高調、低調
etched on Etch v. 鑿刻；be etched on/in your memory/mind 銘刻在記憶中/腦海裏

原文翻譯：
1、在這個小市場中，運動鞋從消費品演變成一種明確的社會評論的載體。