词汇精选:excuse的用法和辨析大纲
一、详细释义:
n.
英[ɪkˈskjuːs];美[ɛkˈskjus]
辩解 [U,C]
例句:
He would seize upon any Excuse to justify himself.
他会利用任何借口为自己辩解。
例句:
I can find no excuse for his behaviour.
我对他的行为找不到辩词。
借口;理由 [U,C]
例句:
His excuse sounds unconvincing.
他说的理由听上去并不可信。
例句:
He invented an ingenious excuse for his absence.
他为缺席编造了一个巧妙的借口。
原谅,饶恕 [C]
例句:
I'll give you an excuse for your fault.
我将对你的过失给予原谅。
请假条 [C]
例句:
I wrote an excuse for my absence from school.
我写了一张请假条,说明缺课的原因。
(excuses) 歉意,道歉
例句:
He made belated excuses.
他作了为时已晚的道歉。
例句:
Please make my excuses to your friend.
请代我向你的朋友表示歉意。
v.
英[ɪkˈskjuːz];美[ɛkˈskjuz]; [ɪkˈskjuz]
原谅 [T]
例句:
Would you excuse me for a moment please, gentlemen?
各位先生,请原谅我离开一会儿。
例句:
Please excuse the offence this time.
请原谅这次冒犯。
辩解;成为...的理由;试图开脱 [T]
例句:
Nothing can excuse such rudeness.
如此粗暴无礼不能原谅。
例句:
She excused her absence by saying that she was ill.
她为她的缺席申辩,说是病了。
免除 [T]
例句:
Your ill-health will excuse you from night duties.
你身体不好,这可使你免除值夜班。
例句:
We must excuse him from his duties.
我们必须免除他的任务。
准许...离去;让...走开 [T]
例句:
She excused herself and left the meeting early.
她准许自己提前离开会场。
例句:
Please excuse me for a while.
请允许我离开一会儿。
二、词义辨析:
cause,reason,excuse
这些名词均有“原因”之意。cause指直接导致事情发生的原因,与所发生的事个有因果关系。reason强调指从逻辑推理上得出的结论性原因,不是直接说明起因。excuse指为自己辩解,希望得到谅解时所提出的种种理由,是借口性的理由。
三、词义辨析:
excuse,pardon,forgive,overlook
这些动词均有“原谅”之意。excuse口语常用词,语气较轻。指原谅轻微的过错、疏忽或过失。pardon比excuse正式,指原谅或宽恕严重的过失或法律上的犯罪行为;在社会交场合则指对打搅他人表示歉意。forgive侧重从心里宽恕某人,暗示放弃一切愤恨和要求报偿的权利。overlook语气较弱,指宽容或不计较无关大局的过失。
四、参考例句:
Excuse me!
对不起!
His excuse sounds unconvincing.
他说的理由听上去并不可信。
His excuse sounded unconvincing.
他的理由听上去并不可信。
Excuse me a minute.
我走开一会。
To excuse away.
找借口不做。
Please excuse this typographical error.
请原谅此打印错误。
Please excuse my bad handwriting.
请原谅我的字写的不好。
Loser always has an excuse.
失败的人总有[借口]。
Excuse me. Are you Victor?
打扰一下。你是Victor吗?
Please excuse this clerical error.
请原谅这一书写错误。