研究發現：厭惡工作或會導致生病

Having a job you dislike not only sucks, it might also be impacting your health.
做着一份自己不喜歡的工作不僅造成負面效果，還有可能危害你的健康。

Job-related dissatisfaction experienced in your 20s and 30s can lead to overall health issues just 10 or 20 years down the line, according to a new study from the American Sociological Association.
來自美國社會學家協會的一項最新研究顯示，在20到30多歲期間的職業不滿情緒，有可能會導致隨後10-20年的健康問題。

“We found that there is a cumulative effect of job satisfaction on health that appears as early as your 40s,” said lead author Jonathan Dirlam, a doctoral student in sociology at Ohio State University.
“我們發現，職業滿意度會對人的健康產生累積效應，最早出現在40歲。”本項研究的首席執行者Jonathan Dirlan表示，他是俄亥俄州立大學的博士生。

Dirlam and his team analyzed data from over 6,000 participants in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, which has been tracking outcomes of participants since 1979.
Dirlam和他的團隊分析了來自《全國青年縱向調查》中的6000位測試者的數據，這些數據從1979年就開始進行追蹤統計。

The researchers examined the participants’ job satisfaction trajectories from age 25 to 39, and then compared that data with the health conditions reported by the same participants after they turned 40.
研究人員分析了年齡在25-39歲的測試者的職業滿意度軌跡，並與其40歲時的身體報告進行數據對比。

What they discovered was people who were unhappier in their jobs early in their careers were also the most prone to illness, particularly mental health problems, in their 40s. They were more depressed, had more emotional issues and sleep problems and suffered from excessive worry.
他們發現了，在早年對職業滿意度較差的人羣，在40歲的時候或多或少都會產生疾病，特別是心理健康方面的疾病。他們表現得更抑鬱，有更多的情緒問題和睡眠問題，常常感到不安。

Physical ailments were also more likely, though to a lesser degree. Those with lower job satisfaction tended to report more problems like back pain and frequent colds than those who were happier at work.
另外身體疾病的發病率也很高，雖然程度較低。對職業滿意度較低的相比職業滿意度高的人羣，更容易出現背部疼痛和感冒等疾病。

“We found that those with lower job satisfaction levels throughout their late 20s and 30s have worse mental health compared to those with high job satisfaction levels,” Dirlamtold CBS News. “Those who initially had high job satisfaction but downwardly decreased over time also had worse health.”
“我們發現，那些在接近30歲或40歲對職業滿意度低的人們，更可能患上心理疾病。”Dirlam接受CBS NEWS採訪的時候表示。“那些一開始有着較高，隨後降低的滿意度的人們，他們的健康問題更嚴重。”

Co-author Hui Zheng, an associate professor of sociology at Ohio State, said the findings reveal the importance that early jobs have on people’s lives and well-being.
本次研究的共同研究人員鄭輝（音譯）是俄亥俄州立大學社會學的副教授，他表示這些發現揭露了早期的職業生涯對人的生活和幸福狀態的重要性。

“You don’t have to be near the end of your career to see the health impact of job satisfaction, particularly on your mental health,” he said.
他說：“你不必在職業生涯接近尾聲的時候分析職業滿意度對健康的影響，尤其是心理健康方面的影響。”

Zheng added that though researchers found little difference in other health problems like cancer and diabetes, those issues might be expected later in life among those with lower job satisfaction levels.
鄭
輝（音譯）還表示，雖然在本次研究中對比了職業滿意度與癌症和肥胖症的相關性很小，不過這些疾病可能在那些職業滿意度低的人羣的日後生活中出現。

“The higher levels of mental health problems for those with low job satisfaction may be a precursor to future physical problems,” he said. “Increased anxiety and depression could lead to cardiovascular or other health problems that won’t show up until they are older.”
“那些對職業滿意度越低的人患上了更高程度的心理疾病，可能會導致日後的身體疾病。”他表示。“累積的焦慮和抑鬱情緒將會導致心腦血管疾病或其他在年老時纔會出現的健康問題。”

The study, presented on Aug. 22 at an annual meeting of the ASA, supports earlier research that suggests a clear correlation between job satisfaction and health.
這項研究，在8月22日美國標準協會的年會中向公衆展現成果，同時也證實了先前關於職業滿意度與個人健康的相關性研究的研究發現。

In a 2003 meta-analysis of 485 studies on the subject, job satisfaction was found to be strongly associated with psychological problems such as burnout, depression and anxiety. A modest link between job happiness and physical illness was also found.
2003年，一項綜合485項研究的數據元分析，發現職業滿意度與心理疾病（如職業倦怠，抑鬱症，焦慮症）有着很強的相關性。同時，職業幸福感和生理疾病也有一定程度的相關性。

Job satisfaction is “an important factor influencing the health of workers,” the authors of the analysis concluded.
這項分析的研究人員總結：職業滿意度是“一個影響員工身心健康的重要因素。”

“Organizations should include the development of stress management policies to identify and eradicate work practices that cause most job dissatisfaction as part of any exercise aimed at improving employee health,” the authors advised.
研究人員們都建議：“公司機構都應該把壓力管理作爲公司發展的策略之一，辨別和移除所有造成職業不滿的工作任務，有助提高員工的身心健康。”