盤點世界上最不文明的十大手勢(下)

Crossed Fingers

5.交叉手指

When you want to wish someone good luck, you'll often tell them, "I'll keep my fingers crossed" that they get the promotion, are pregnant or win the lottery. The gesture is made by crossing your middle finger over your pointer. If you really, really want to wish someone good luck, you might tell them you'll cross all of your fingers and your toes, too. That is, if you live in the U.S., Canada, the U.K. or Australia.

當你想要祝別人好運時，你總是說：“我會把手指交叉爲你祝福的”，而這樣的好事一般是獲得升職、懷孕或中彩票。要做這個手勢，需要交叉中指和食指。如果你真心誠意地想要祝福別人，你或許可以告訴他們，你會交叉你所有的指頭，包括你的腳趾。不過，前提是你得生活在美國，加拿大，英國或是澳大利亞。

If you happen to be a resident of Vietnam, however, you'll view crossed fingers as a vulgar symbol for female genitalia. Even worse is if another person crosses his fingers just for (or at) you. Then, it's an especially shocking and horrid offense. Crossed fingers are an ancient European superstition. Originally, the person locked fingers with another to form a cross (an X, like the Scottish cross of St. Andrew) and wish good luck. Later, the custom devolved to just one person crossing his or her fingers. And now most of the time we don't even cross fingers, but just say we will.

不過，如果你碰巧住在越南，你就會視交叉手指爲暗指女性私處的下流動作。尤其當別人專門對你交叉手指時，事態就更爲糟糕，這樣的冒犯會令人感到震驚和不齒。交叉手指始於古代歐洲的迷信傳統。起初，人們與他人交叉手指來形成一個十字（做出X的形狀，就像蘇格蘭聖安德魯教堂的十字架）並希望獲得好運。之後，這個習慣演變成爲一個人交叉自己的手指。如今，大部分時候我們不再交叉手指了，不過還是先假設這個習慣仍然存在吧。

Outward Hand

4.手掌外翻

"Talk to the hand. ('Cause the face ain't listening.)" This popular American phrase began in the 1990s, and was accompanied by a gesture — thrusting out your hand toward another, with fingers spread and the palm out. While only mildly rude in the U.S., the gesture is very nasty and even confrontational in other lands.

“你還是和我的手說話吧。（畢竟我可懶得理你）”這個短語在上個世紀九十年代於美國風靡一時，並且產生了伴隨手勢：把手甩向對方，手指展開，掌心外翻。在美國，這個手勢委婉地表示了冒犯，但在其他國家，它卻尤爲下令人厭惡，甚至充滿了挑釁的意味。

It's most popularly associated with Greece, where it's called the moutza. Those who give the moutza often accompany the gesture by saying, "Na!" which means, "Here you go!" Supposedly the gesture has its roots in ancient Byzantium, where people shamed criminals by scooping up cinders (moutzos) in their hands and then rubbing them on the offenders' faces. Some say dirt or feces also were used. In addition to Greece, the gesture is unwelcome in parts of Africa and in Pakistan. While the Japanese don't employ the moutza, they have a very similar gesture with the thumb tucked in. Incidentally, the moutza's basic meaning is an aggressive, "To hell with you!" or something stronger.

最爲普遍的看法是，這個手勢與希臘頗有淵源，其在當地被稱爲“moutza”。做出這個手勢的人們往往同時大喊一聲“喏！”，表示“走你！”。據推測，這個動作起源於舊時的拜占庭，當時的居民們用雙手舀起一捧煤渣（希臘語“moutzos”），並將其塗在犯罪者的面部以示羞辱。有說法認爲灰塵和排泄物也在使用之列。除了希臘，這個手勢在非洲的局部地區和巴基斯坦也是不被接受的。儘管日本人不使用“moutza”，但他們有一個拇指內扣的手勢與之十分類似。“Moutza”手勢的直接含義攻擊性十足，代表“去死吧”甚至要更爲粗魯。

Forearm Jerk

3.前臂上舉

When you think of it, Americans' use of "the finger" to deeply degrade someone is a pretty small, meek hand gesture, considering the hefty insult it's supposed to convey. The European forearm jerk, in contrast, is a much meatier gesture.

如果你覺得，美國人的豎中指的動作，相比其所意圖傳達的侮辱性而言實在是毫無震懾力，那麼與之相對的歐洲式的前臂上舉動作則實在得多了。

First you take your right hand and make a tight fist. Then you jerk your right forearm up as you slap the bicep forcefully with your left hand. Southern European males, including those in France, who call it the bras d'honneur, use the forearm jerk as a crude, phallic way to flip someone the bird. It can also indicate sentiments such as, "I'm better than you are," "Get lost, loser!" or "Up yours, buddy!" In Brazil, the gesture is known as the banana, although its meaning is the same. Men in Britain and Germany sometimes make the forearm jerk as a rude way of indicating they're lusting after a particular woman, although they'd never make the gesture at the woman.

要做出這個動作，首先，伸出你的右手並緊握成拳，而後在右前臂上舉的同時，左手猛力拍擊肱二頭肌。歐洲南部的男性，包括法國男人們（他們稱這個動作爲“bras d’honneur”）習慣於用這個帶有性暗示的下流動作來代替豎中指。同時，這個動作也可以表達諸如“我比你強”，“滾開，傻X！”或是“一邊涼快去，夥計！”。在巴西，這個手勢暗示着男性生殖器，不過適用範圍和歐洲相同。英國和德國男性會用這個手勢來低俗地表示對某一位女性的垂涎，儘管當着女人的面他們可從不敢這麼做。

Cutis

2.“Cutis”手勢

Of all the hand gestures discussed thus far, the cutis seems the silliest. Of course, that's just to Western sensibilities. Primarily used in India and Pakistan, the hand sign is made by putting the tip of your thumb in your mouth with the rest of your fingers standing straight up. (Some people do it with the fingers curled in.) Once you make the gesture, you flick your thumb out of your mouth while crying out, "Cutta!" ("Screw you!") This gesture is not only an insult to you, but to your entire family — sort of like saying you and your family all suck — hence its severity. One of the more notable uses of the cutis was by Shoaib Akhtar, considered the fastest bowler in cricket history. Akhtar gave the cutis in Melbourne during a rain delay in the 2004 test series against Australia.

“Cutis”手勢應該是目前上榜的手勢中最愚不可及的一個了。不過的確，這個評判只是基於西方人的認知標準。這個手勢最初起源於印度和巴基斯坦，人們用嘴含住大拇指前端，豎起剩下的四根手指（有些人偏好把四根手指內扣），並且在喊出“Cutta!(去你的！)”同時把大拇指彈出。因爲這個手勢不僅對個人產生了侮辱，還順帶牽連了受辱者的全家，相當於咒罵“你全家都不是東西！”，因此性質才尤爲惡劣。這一手勢在歷史上最令人譁然的使用記錄由阿伊布·阿卡塔所創造，他被認爲是板球史上最快的投球手。他在2004年的國際板球錦標賽上做出了這個手勢，當時，墨爾本對陣澳大利亞的比賽因降雨而被迫中斷。

Thumbs-Up

1.豎大拇指

Thumbs down on the thumbs-up sign when you're traveling. This seemingly-innocuous gesture that means, "Great! I like it! All right!" in the U.S. has pretty awful meanings elsewhere. In the Middle East, for example, it means up your butt, fella. (Or worse.) Many, if not most, Latin Americans find it offensive, as do citizens of West Africa, Greece, Russia, Sardinia, the south of Italy, Australia, the Philippines and many Islamic nations. Phew! That's a lot of thumbs-up haters. The gesture may have been popularized during World War II, when American pilots flashed the sign to their grounds crews to indicate they were good to go. But scholars believe it actually originated in ancient Rome when crowds used the "thumbs-up" sign to mean a gladiator should be speared or hid their thumbs if he should be spared. (Notice the negative meaning?) If you simply can't stop using this sign, know that you'll be all right in Germany and certain areas of Japan, where the thumbs-up sign simply indicates the number one.

在四處旅行時亂豎大拇指可不是個好主意。這個對美國人而言代表着“哇塞！牛逼啊！我喜歡！”的手勢，看起來毫無攻擊性，但卻可能是別處的禁忌動作。比如，在中東地區，豎大拇指意味着“滾一邊去，夥計”或更甚。儘管不是絕對現象，但大多數的拉美人都視豎拇指爲一種冒犯，在西非、希臘、俄羅斯、撒丁島、澳大利亞、菲律賓和意大利南部及衆多伊斯蘭國家，情況也是如此。嘿，看來這個手勢的反對黨可不在少數。有說法認爲這個手勢在二戰期間風靡開來，因爲當時美軍飛行員向地面機組人員豎起大拇指，來表示已準備就緒。不過，學者們堅信該動作起源於古羅馬時期。那時，人們豎起拇指來表決一名角鬥士是否該被標槍投死，當拇指收起時，這名戰士則可以被赦免。（注意看了，這含義可大不相同）如果你實在情難自禁地想要豎起大拇指，那麼只要你在德國或是日本的特定地區都大可不必擔心，因爲在當地這個手勢意味着“你是最棒的”。

翻譯:張韻可 審校:Shrsvbeiftnkvdc 來源:前十網