中國傳統文化 第14期:四書五經

The Four Books and The Five Classics

四書五經

The Four Books and The Five Classics were the canonical works of the Confucian culture in the feudal society in ancient China.

《四書五經》是中國古代封建社會儒家的經典書籍。

The Four Books refers to The Great Learning , The Doctrine of the Mean , Confucian Analects and The Works of Mencius.

四書是指《論語》、《孟子》、《大學》和《中庸》；

And The Five Classics includes The Book of Poetry (also known as The Book of Songs, The Book of Odes ) , The Book of history , The Book of Rites , The Book of Changes, and The Spring and Autumn Annals .

而五經是指《詩經》，《尚書》、《禮記》、《周易》、 《春秋》。

The Five Classics got its name during the reign of Emperor Wudi of the Han Dynasty, and there emerged a group of scholars responsible for the interpretation of these classics.

漢武帝獨尊儒術，置五經博士，專門研習五經。

The Four Books are short for The Texts and Annotations of the Pour Books, which were compiled and annotated by Zhu Xi, a Neo-Confucian scholar of the Southern Song Dynasty to establish his own theoretical system of li or Principles.

南宋時，大學者朱熹寫成一本《四書章句集註》，簡稱《四書集註》。

Collectively called The Four Books and The Five Classics, they cover such a wide range of subjects as literature, history, philosophy, politics, economics, education,moral ethics, geology, arts，science and technology，etc.

“四書”的名稱就這樣流傳下來; “四書五經”的內容涉及文學、史學、哲學、政治、經濟、教育、倫理、道德、天文、地埋、 藝術、科技等各個方面，

and are the most important textbooks for the Confucian scholars to disseminate the educational thoughts of the Confucian School and a must for ancient scholars who had to pass the imperial competitive examination to become government officials.

是儒家施行其儒學教化的重要教科書，中國古代文人科舉做官的必讀書。

In short, they have a far-reaching influence on the way of existence, intellectual quality, moral ethics and esthetic values of the Chinese nation.

對中國人的民族生存方式、民族心理素質、價值觀念、審美觀念等都產生了深遠的影響。