調查:網上辦公八成時間被浪費

Odds are, you’re reading this article when you’re supposed to be working.

你在閱讀這篇文章的時候，很可能正是你應該在工作的時候。

A new study from Kansas State University suggests that we spend even more time than previously thought aimlessly browsing the Internet during our office hours.

據堪薩斯州立大學的一項新調查顯示，我們在辦公時間內花在漫無目的瀏覽網頁上的時間比我們預想的還要多。

“Cyberloafing” — wasting time at work online — takes up as much as 80 percent of the time people spend online at work, according to the data collected by Joseph Ugrin, an assistant professor at Kansas State, and John Pearson, an associate professor at Southern Illinois University. The results were published in the latest issue of the journal Computers in Human Behavior.

根據堪薩斯州立大學副教授約瑟夫•烏格林和南伊利諾伊大學副教授約翰•皮爾遜所收集的數據，“網上閒逛”——上網工作時浪費時間——佔據了人們網上辦公高達80%的時間。研究結果將刊登在《計算機在人類行爲中的應用》雜誌最新一期上。

Their results also suggest that traditional work guidelines surrounding Internet use are not enough to police worker behavior, and that if companies really want to scale back the amount of time their employees spend surfing the Web, they must “consistently enforce” sanctions to uphold their cyberloafing policies.

研究結果還表明，用規範互聯網使用的傳統工作守則來管轄員工的行爲已經遠遠不夠了，如果公司真想減少員工上網瀏覽網頁的時間，就必須“始終如一地執行”相關處罰措施，以保證網上閒逛政策的實施。

"We found that for young people, it was hard to get them to think that social networking was unacceptable behavior," Ugrin said. "Just having a policy in place did not change their attitudes or behavior at all. Even when they knew they were being monitored, they still did not care."

烏格林說道：“我們發現很難讓年輕人覺得（上班時間）上社交網絡是不良行爲。僅是制定出相關政策根本不能改變他們的態度或行爲。即使他們知道自己的行爲被監控，他們也會若無其事。”

Then again, not necessarily all "cyberloafing" can be measured as a net loss for businesses. A 2011 study found that in certain fields, when people spend time casually browsing the Web at work, they actually end up being more productive and creative.

話說回來，並不是所有的“網上閒逛”都是企業的淨損失。2011年的一項研究發現，在某些領域，當人們在上班時間隨意地瀏覽網頁時，他們的工作更富成效和創造力。

The risks for employers go beyond lost productivity. Ugrin and Pearson point out that cyberloafing also poses legal risks for companies, if their employees are engaging in activities like viewing pornography or taking part in illegal transactions.

員工“網上閒逛”的風險遠不止使生產率下降。烏格林和皮爾遜指出，如果員工瀏覽色情網站或參與非法交易等行爲，網上閒逛還會給企業帶來法律風險。

Ugrin and Pearson found that time-wasting was employed in nearly equal measure across different age groups but that generational differences were expressed in the various ways in which people specifically waste their time.

烏格林和皮爾遜發現，不同的年齡組在網上浪費的時間幾乎一樣多，但人們以不同的方式浪費時間，從中體現了代際差異。

"Older people are doing things like managing their finances, while young people found it much more acceptable to spend time on social networking sites like Facebook," Ugrin said.

烏格林說：“年長一些的人會做管理自己財務的一類事，而年輕人則認爲在臉譜網這樣的社交網站花費時間很理所當然。”

And while the study’s authors endorse tougher sanctions to enforce productivity and worker conduct, they say employers must maintain a healthy balance in order to not negatively affect office morale.

儘管研究的作者支持採取更嚴厲的懲罰措施來保證生產效率和員工的行爲表現，但他們表示僱主必須讓辦公環境保持健康的平衡，不對辦公室士氣造成負面影響。

"People will feel like Big Brother is watching them, so companies need to be careful when taking those types of action," Ugrin said.

烏格林說：“公司在採取這種處罰措施時一定要謹慎，否則人們會總感覺有‘老大哥’在盯着他們。”