2021年12月六級選詞填空必背40詞

本文來源：滬江英語四六級

大家好，距離考試只剩1天啦！想要快速搞定選詞填空，爲仔細閱讀和長篇閱讀騰時間，歷年真題中反覆考到的詞語一定要熟記！

每次六級考前，小編都會結合最新的考試真題，按考頻從高到低精選40幾個詞語，並羅列其常考用法和真題例句+翻譯。你看到的這40幾個詞，已經結合真題更新過了，老版本不要背了哦~ 

說明：本詞表按詞頻從高到低排列，因選詞填空需要標註詞性，建議同學把以下單詞的各種詞性和搭配結構熟記背會！

六級選詞填空TOP15
1.vulnerable
adj. 易受傷的，脆弱的；易受攻擊的

常考結構
be vulnerable to sth/sb 易患某種疾病；易受某事影響的；易遭責難的；易受…誘惑的

The developing brain, the report says, is particularly vulnerable to the toxic effects of certain chemicals these products may contain, and the damage they cause can be permanent. (2015.12)

報告稱，發育中的大腦特別容易受到這些產品可能含有的某些化學物質的毒性影響，並且它們造成的損害可能是永久性的。

2.potential
n. 潛在性，可能性；潛能
adj. 潛在的

常考結構
potential problem/ danger可能存在的問題/危險

The researchers explained that the study demonstrated when we are in a novel
environment the brain partly remains alert so that humans can defend themselves against any potential danger. (2017.6)

研究人員解釋說，該研究表明，當我們處於一個新奇的環境中時，大腦有部分會保持警覺，以便人類能夠抵禦任何潛在的危險。

have the potential to do sth有潛力做某事

The new drug has the potential to save stroke victims from death. 
這種新藥也許能夠拯救中風患者的性命。

potential for sth… 可能性；…的潛在性
I believe that everyone has a potential for good. 
我認爲每個人都是向善的。

3. eventually
adv. 終於，最後

常考結構:
常放在句子的開頭，逗號跟後面的句子隔開。也靈活放在句首或動詞前等位置。

The reasoning behind this saying is that low oil prices discourage investment in new production capacity, eventually shifting the oil supply curve backward and bringing rices back up as existing oil fields--which can be tapped at relatively low marginal cost--are depleted. (2017.6)

這種說法背後的原因是低油價阻礙了對新產能的投資，最終使石油供應曲線向下移動並使價格回升，因爲現有的可以以相對較低的邊際成本開採的油田已經耗盡。

4. overwhelming / overwhelmed
adj. 巨大的，壓倒性的，無法抗拒的
（overwhelming）
v. 征服，壓倒，破壞，使不知所措；覆蓋，淹沒；打翻（overwhelmed）

常考結構：
the overwhelming majority of people 壓倒性多數

Teachers consider learning two languages to be too overwhelming for children from poor families, believing that the children are already burdened by their home situations. (2013.12)

教師認爲學習兩種語言對於貧困家庭的孩子來說壓力太大，他們認爲孩子已經因家庭環境而負擔過重。

be overwhelmed with被…淹沒

This trend results in emergency rooms being overwhelmed with patients without regular doctors. (2009.12)

這種趨勢導致急診室被沒有常規醫生的患者淹沒。

be overwhelmed by 被…壓倒，擊敗，制服

Its schools will be overwhelmed by the growing number of illegal immigrants. (2011.6)

越來越多的非法移民將使學校不堪重負。

5. simultaneously
adv. 同時地
at the same time

There should be forces in society who should be concerned about the budget, but they shouldn't be functioning simultaneously as doctors. (2015.12)

社會中應該有關注預算的專人，但它們不應該同時扮演醫生那樣的角色。

6.primarily
adv. 首先；起初，原來；首要地，主要地；根本上

Some math training programs primarily focus on raising students' math scores.(2017.6)

一些數學訓練課程主要側重於提高學生們的數學成績。

7. predators
n. 捕食性動物；掠奪者

When the water hits the right level, the baby birds are kept safe from predators by a corrosive ditch. （2017.12）

當水位達到合適高度的時候，幼鳥被腐蝕性溝渠保護起來，免受捕食者的追捕。

8. incidentally
adv.  順便；偶然地
注意：副詞通常是選詞填空中最好做的，建議先做。一般句中不缺少成分時，或有逗號與主句隔開時，可以直接從選項中以y結尾的詞裏選出正確答案。

All researches agree that close to 25 billion devices, things and sensors will be
connected by 2020 which incidentally is also the moment that millennials(千禧一代)are expected to make up 75 percent of our overall workforce, and the fully connected home will become a reality for large numbers of people worldwide. (2017.12)

所有的研究都認爲，到2020年將有近250億臺設備，物品和傳感器連接起來，且到那時千禧一代預計將佔總勞動力的75%，全連接的住房將成爲全世界衆多人的現實。

9. impact
n. 衝擊；衝擊力；影響
V. 壓緊；對…產生影響；衝擊

常考結構
pact on/ upon sb/sth 對某人/某事物的強烈的印象或巨大的影響

Some reasons, such as a family illness, may have a temporary adverse impact on
performance and can be corrected. (2013.12)

某些原因，例如家庭疾病，可能會對性能產生暫時的不利影響，且隨後可以得到糾正。

the impact of …的影響

Charles began urging action on global warming in 1990 and says he's been worried about the impact of man on the environment since he was a teenager. (2014.12)

查爾斯在1990年開始敦促採取行動應對全球變暖，並表示他從青少年時期就一直擔心人類對環境的影響。

10. obsess  / obsessed
v. 困擾，使癡迷；念念不忘

adj. 着迷的；無法擺脫的，受困擾的
v. 着迷；糾纏，困擾（obsess 的過去式和過去分詞）

常考結構：
be obsessed by/with 總想着，被…困擾

We check email at all hours of the day—we're obsessed. But why? Because that's what the boss wants. (2017.12)

我們每天無時不刻不在check 我們的郵箱—— 我們深受其困擾。但這是爲什麼呢？因爲這是老闆們想看到的。

11. legacy / legacies
n. 遺產；遺贈財物；遺留問題；後遺症

常考結構：
a legacy of 一份...財產

Perhaps my expectations of lunches, water-cooler gossip and caring, deep-and-meaningful conversations were a legacy of the last time I was in that kind of office environment.（2019.6）

或許，我對午餐、茶水間閒聊以及關心他人、深入而有意義的對話的期待，是我上次在那種辦公環境中留下的後遺症。

12. indulge / indulging
v. 使高興；滿足；縱容；（使）沉迷於；參加，參與（尤指違法活動）

常考結構：
indulge in sth. 盡情享受某事物

Guests can indulge in a private barbecue on the deck. 

客人們可以在露天平臺上享用私家烤肉野餐。

indulge oneself/sb with sth. 放縱自己/某人

Ripley indulges a popular obsession with international test score comparisons, which show wide and frightening gaps between the United States and other countries. (2014.12)

雷普利癡迷於國際考試成績對比，這顯示出美國和其他國家之間巨大而可怕的差距。

13. identified  / identify / indefinite
adj. 經鑑定的；被識別的（identified）
v. 確定；識別，認出；使參與；把…看成一樣；認同；一致（identify）
adj. 不明確的；無限期的；不定的

常考結構：
identify sb/sth as sb/sth  確認/認出某人或某物是... 
identify sth with sth  認爲某事物與某事物等同

identify oneself with sb/sth  與某人/某事物有關聯

The newer trend is to start recruiting poor and non-white students as early as the seventh grade, using innovative tools to identify kids with sophisticated verbal skills. (2011.6)

較新的趨勢是最早從七年級開始招募貧困和非白人學生，他們使用創新工具來識別具有複雜口頭表達能力的孩子。

be identified in 從...中識別出

The researchers believe this is the first time that the "first-night-effect" of different brain states has been identified in humans. (2017.6)

研究人員認爲，這是人類第一次發現不同大腦狀態的“第一夜效應”。

The trial was adjourned for an indefinite period. (2014,6)
審判被無限期推遲.

14. assess / assessed
v. 估價；對…徵稅；確定…的金額；評價
v. 對…進行評估（assess過去時形式）

常考結構：
assess sb's taxes/income/risk 評定某人的稅額/總收入/風險

How can I assess the investment risk of a particular bond issue? (2014.6)

如何評估特定債券發行的投資風險？

15. separate/ separated / separately /apparently
adj. 分開的；單獨的；不同的；各自的；不受影響的
v. （使）分離，分開；隔開；分手；（使）分居；（使）區別（於）
adv. 分別地；分離地；個別地( separately)
adv. 顯然地；似乎，表面上

常考結構：
separate from 分離 ; 分開 ; 把 ; 分隔開

Civilization, then, is fine-people banging away on their smartphones are fluently using a code separate from the one they use in actual writing, and there is no evidence that texting is ruining composition skills.
(2014.6)

因此，文明是指人們正在智能手機上流暢地使用與實際寫作中使用的代碼不同的代碼，並且沒有證據表明發短信會破壞寫作技巧。

六級選詞填空TOP16-22

16. Prevalent
adj.流行的；盛行的；普遍存在的

For young adults without a bachelor’s degree, as of 2008 living at home with their parents was more prevalent than living with a romantic partner(2019.6).

對於沒有學士學位的年輕人來說，截至2008年，與父母住在一起比與浪漫伴侶住在一起更爲普遍。

17.capacity
n.容量；容積；容納能力；領悟(或理解、辦事)能力；職位；職責

And according to a new Pew Research Center survey on women and leadership, most Americans find women indistinguishable from men on key leadership traits such as intelligence and capacity for innovation, with many saying they’re stronger than men in terms of being passionate and organized leaders(2019.6).

皮尤研究中心（Pew Research Center）最新的一項關於女性與領導力的調查顯示，大多數美國人發現，女性在智力和創新能力等關鍵領導力特徵上與男性難以區分，許多人表示，女性在富有激情和有組織的領導力方面強於男性。

18.magnified
adj. 放大的
v. 放大；誇張（magnify的過去分詞）

He has to use a magnifying glass to see clearly. (2015.12)

他必須用放大鏡才能看得清楚。

19.deteriorating / deterioration
v. 退化，惡化（deteriorate的ing形式）
n. 惡化；退化；墮落（deterioration）

常考結構：
environmental deterioration 環境污染
~ (into sth) become worse in quality or condition 變壞; 變質; 惡化 

Leather can deteriorate in damp conditions.
 皮革受潮可變質

The discussion deteriorated into a bitter quarrel. 
這場討論演變成了激烈的爭吵.

Air pollution is deteriorating in many places around the world. (2015.6)

世界上許多地方的空氣污染正在惡化。

20. exclusive/ exclusively / excluded / exclude
adj. 獨有的；排外的；專一的
n. 獨家新聞；獨家經營的項目；排外者
adv. 唯一地，專有地，排外地；作爲唯一的（消息）來源
v. 排除（exclude的過去式和過去分詞）；驅逐；拒絕接納
vt. 排除；排斥；拒絕接納；逐出
常考結構：
exclusive of 不包括，除...之外
to exclude 排除

That’s the highest percentage of an exclusive economic zone devoted to marine conservation by any country in the world. （2017.12）

這是世界上致力於海洋保護的專屬經濟區所佔比例最高的國家。

21. presuming / presumption
v.推測；認定；放肆；假設；無理要求（presume的現在分詞）
adj.冒昧的，自以爲是的
n. 放肆，傲慢；推測

常考結構：
presuming question 斷定性問題
presumption of innocent 無罪推定 

Despite negative stereotypes about sports culture and Ripley’s presumption that academics and athletics are at odds with one another, we believe that the greater body of evidence shows that school-sponsored sports programs appear to benefit students.  (2014.12)

儘管存在對體育文化的負面刻板印象，而且裏普利認爲學術和體育相互矛盾，但我們相信，更多的證據表明，學校資助的體育項目似乎有利於學生。

22.diminish/diminished
vt. 使減少；使變小
vi. 減少，縮小；變小
v.diminish的過去式和過去分詞
常考結構：
diminish the power 削弱力量

常用在hopes, supplies, funds等詞的後面, 表示“希望逐漸渺茫”, “物資漸漸用完”,“資金漸漸枯竭”。

23.suppress/suppressing
vt.鎮壓；(武力)平定；壓制；禁止(發表)；查禁；封鎖；抑制；控制；忍住
v.suppress的現在分詞
The Professor said that deep sleep allowed suppressed anxieties to surface.

教授說深度睡眠可以使壓抑的焦慮情緒得以釋放。

24. underlying
adj. 隱含的，潛在的，根本的
動詞原形underlie: 位於…之下，構成…的基礎
the cause, idea etc that is the most important, although it is not easily noticed  

常考結構：
underlying cause/principle/problem etc
根本原因/原則/問題等

Yet underlying all of this is a simple dynamic: Apple, Google, Facebook and other companies hold most of the cards in this confrontation. (2017.12)

然而，隱藏在這一切之下的根源是：蘋果、谷歌、臉書和其他公司在這場對抗中佔絕大優勢。

25.entail /entailed
vt.涉及；需要；牽涉；使必要
n.限定繼承權；預定繼承人的順序
v.entail的過去式和過去分詞
There is no doubt that spaceflight entails risks, and to pioneer a new mode of travel is to face those risks, and to reduce them with the benefit of hard-won experience.

毫無疑問,太空飛行會帶來風險,而開創一種新的旅行方式就是要面對這些風險,並利用來之不易的經驗來減少這些風險(2015.12).

26.warrant
n.保證；執行令；授權令；(接受款項、服務等的)憑單，許可證；(做某事的)正當理由，依據
vt.使有必要；使正當；使恰當
The contract warrants that an experienced person is on board all the time.

合同確保一位富有經驗的人會一直呆在船上。

27. volunteers
n. 志願者；志願兵
v. 自願

常考結構：
volunteer for/to do sth. 自告奮勇做某事

Many of them volunteer for community service with disadvantaged people. (2016.6)

他們中的許多人自願爲弱勢羣體提供社區服務。

28. withdraw/withdraws
vt. 撤退；收回；撤消；（從銀行）取錢，提款；退股
vi. 撤退；離開
v.withdraws的第三人稱單數
常考結構：
withdraw from v. 退出，離開

Some parents who withdraw their children from the schools in favor of home schooling have an inadequate educational background and insufficient formal training to provide a satisfactory education for their children. (2013.12)

那些爲了家庭教育而使孩子退學的父母，其教育背景和正規培訓都不足以使他們的孩子接受滿意的教育。

29.embark/embarking
v.上船，轉船
v.embark的現在分詞
常考結構：
embark on 從事，着手，開始（新的或艱難的事情）
Almost half of those surveyed said their companies were either in the middle of restructuring or about to embark on (開始）it; and for the most part, restructuring meant putting more emphasis on teams.

幾乎一半的受訪者表示，他們的公司要麼正在進行重組，要麼即將進行重組；在很大程度上，重組意味着更加重視團隊。

30.bias
n.偏見；偏心；偏向；偏愛；特殊能力；斜裁
vt.使有偏見；使偏心；使偏向
adv.偏
adj.斜的；偏動的
Rather, the point is to use the results of this study to open up meaningful dialogues on implicit gender bias, be it at a departmental level or an institutional level or even a discipline level.

相反，重點是利用這項研究的結果，就隱性性別偏見展開有意義的對話，無論是在部門一級，還是在機構一級，甚至是在學科一級。

六級選詞填空高頻TOP31-39

31.incentives
n.激勵；刺激；鼓勵
incentive的複數
He said that describing aging as a disease creates incentives to develop treatments.

他說，將衰老描述爲一種疾病會激勵人們開發治療方法。

32.conspicuously
adv. 顯著地，明顯地；超羣地，惹人注目地

So this shows negative consequences of poor dietary intake can occur even when body weight has not changed conspicuously. （2019.12）

因此，這表明即使體重沒有明顯變化，飲食攝入不良的負面後果也會發生。

33.alleviate/alienating
vt. 減輕，緩和

常考結構：
alleviate pain 緩減疼痛

In turn, feeling close to objects can alleviate loneliness.（2019.12)
反過來，接近物體的感覺可以緩解孤獨。

34. redundant
adj. 多餘的，過剩的；被解僱的，失業的；冗長的，累贅的

In time it should help restrain costs by eliminating redundant tests, preventing drug interactions, and helping doctors find the best treatments. (2016.6)

隨着時間的推移，它將有助於通過消除多餘的測試、防止藥物相互作用和幫助醫生找到最好的治療方法來控制成本。

35. imminent 
adj. 即將來臨的；迫近的

常考結構：
imminent danger/threat/death/disaster etc
即將來臨的危險/威脅/死亡/災難等

But there is also time for brief diversions onto bizarre ground, such as a discussion of the skyscraper index (which holds that a boom in skyscraper construction is a foolproof sign of an imminent recession). (2013.6)

但也有時間把話題暫時轉移到怪誕的地方，比如對摩天大樓指數的討論(該指數認爲，摩天大樓建設的繁榮是經濟衰退即將來臨的絕對跡象)。

36. eradication
n. 消滅，撲滅；根除

The eradication team remained in camp under a tight security lockdown for ten days. 
(NEWYORKER: The Taliban’s Opium War)

消除病毒小組在嚴密的安全封鎖下呆在營地10天。

37. saturated
adj. 飽和的；滲透的；深顏色的
v. 使滲透，使飽和（saturate的過去式）

 While the conversation about young adults staying longer at home is  saturated by talk of laziness, of dependence, of an inability for young people to pull themselves together,  rarely do we talk of the way, in my case at least, my relationship with my parents has  undoubtedly  strengthened the longer we have lived together.(2020.9)

雖然關於年輕人在家呆的時間長了的話題充斥着懶惰、依賴和年輕人無法振作起來，但我們很少談論如何相處。至少就我而言，隨着我們在一起生活的時間越長，我和父母的關係無疑得到了加強。

38.rectified
adj. 改正的，整流的；精餾過的
v. 調整；矯正；精餾（rectify的過去分詞形式）
President Abraham Lincoln, during the Civil War, issued a rectified setting aside the last Thursday in November for the holiday.(2018.6)

亞伯拉罕·林肯總統在南北戰爭期間頒佈了一項修正規定，將感恩節定在11月的最後一個星期四。

39.exertion
n. 發揮；運用；努力

After walking for an hour ,she was not sweating , but there was a pleasurable sense of exertion.

走了一個小時後，她沒有出汗，但卻有一種努力的快感。

好的，今天的乾貨就到這裏了~
祝大家順利過級！