考前背了不後悔：BEC口語考試必備話題7
考前背了不後悔：BEC口語考試必備話題7
Unit One: Company Operation and Management 公司運作和管理
1.7 Logistics物流
相關單詞掌握：
Logistics strategy 物流戰略
Logistics system 物流系統
Transport of goods 貨物運輸
Operational efficiency 經營效率
Procurement 採購，調撥，調配
Cultural taboo 文化禁忌
Perspective 觀點，視點，看法
Information systems 信息系統
Logistics network 物流網絡
Mini-presentation
物流戰略規劃主要解決四個方面的問題：客戶服務目標（client service goals）、設施選址戰略（ logistics location strategy）、庫存決策戰略（ Inventory decision strategy）和運輸戰略（transport strategy）。在物流戰略規劃過程中一個重要的問題就是什麼時候應該對網絡進行規劃或什麼時候應該重新規劃。如果當前還沒有物流系統，顯然需要進行物流網絡規劃。若物流系統已經存在，需要決定的是修改現有網絡還是繼續運行舊的網絡。在進行實際規劃之前，對此無法給出明確的答案，但可以提出網絡評估和審覈的一般準則。這些準則包括五個核心方面：需求（demand）、客戶服務（customer service）、產品特徵（product features）、物流成本（logistics cost）和定價策略（pricing strategy）。
| What’s important when…? Developing logistics strategies 制定物流策略需要考慮哪些要點？ omer service levels 客戶服務水平 rmation management 信息管理 |
At its heart, logistics deals with satisfying the customer. Customer service is the most important output of an organization’s logistics system. Because next to product quality, customer service is another important factor why customers decide to do business with you. You have to know exactly the needs and expectations of your customers, so that you can design the logistics system necessary to deliver the required level of service.
物流的核心是讓客戶滿意。客戶服務是企業物流體系最重要的內容。因爲除了產品質量，客戶服務是客戶決定和你做生意的另一個重要因素。你必須確切的知道客戶的需要和期望，因此你能夠設計物流系統提供必要的服務要求的水平。
Logistics is about managing the flow of materials and the flow of information. Decisions cannot be made without having appropriate information. And information is also important in tracking product flow through the logistics pipelines. So designing and implementing information systems to support the logistics network is critical.
物流是關於管理材料和信息的流程。沒有確切的信息就不能做決定。而且信息對於通過跟蹤物流產品的管道也是十分重要的。因此設計和實施信息系統來支持物流網絡也是至關重要的。
.Discussion
| Cultural issues in global logistics國際物流中的文化問題 The company you work for is relocating some logistics managers abroad and is designing a training course for them on cultural issues in logistics. You have been asked to advise on this training course. Discuss the situation together, and decide: 你們公司擬調派一些物流經理到國外工作，現正在就物流中的文化問題爲他們設計培訓課程。請你們爲這一培訓課程提出建議。討論並決定： important it is to consider cultural differences in the logistics process 物流過程中考慮文化差異的重要性 cultural aspects should be included in the training course 培訓課程中應包含哪些文化因素. |
(1)Cultural differences have impact on different areas of logistics. For example, people from different cultural backgrounds have different working styles, and in going global, you need to learn their ways of looking at things and their ways of interpreting business relationships.
文化差異已經影響了不同領域的物流。例如，來自不同文化背景的人具有不同的工作方式。你需要學習他們看待事物的方法以及解釋業務關係的方式.
(2)logistics system can’t clash with the culture of the target market and respect for the native culture is extremely important. So we also need to consider cultural taboos. For example, in countries like Japan and China, customers don’t like goods packed in four together, as “four” is regarded as an unlucky number.
不衝擊目標市場的文化以及尊重本土文化對物流系統極其重要。因此我們需要考慮文化禁忌。例如，有一些國家例如日本和中國，客戶不喜歡四個貨物打成一個包裝。就像4被認爲是一個不吉利的數字。
(3)we should also acquaint our logistics professionals with differences in language , laws and social customs.
我們應該熟悉不同語言的物流專業人士，法律和社會習俗。
